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2010
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Mixers FAQ

Q:Can I connect a mixer with balanced outputs to a power amp with unbalanced inputs?
A:Yes. In fact there is a way to connect them, which gives you most of the hum cancelling you'd get if both units were balanced. Here's how it goes:

If the mixer has XLR outputs and the amp has ¼" inputs, use a balanced patch cable with a female XLR at one end and an TRS (stereo) ¼" male jack at the other. Modify it as follows:

  1. Remove the ¼" TRS plug,
  2. Solder on a standard mono ¼" plug as follows; - tip wire to tip tab, ring and sleeve wire (shield) to sleeve (ground) tab (alternately you can just modify the wiring inside the stereo plug,
  3. Mark that cable with some tape to indicate that it's the one for this application.
If the mixer has XLR outputs and amp has screw terminals or phono (RCA) connectors, use a balanced female XLR - to - ¼" male TRS cable and remove the ¼" plug. If you need to install an RCA plug, solder the tip wire to the tip of the RCA and solder the other wire plus the shield wire to the RCA's jacket (ground). If the amp has screw terminals, attach the tip wire to the positive (+) screw and the other two to the negative (-) screw. If it doesn't work, the most likely problem would be how the mixer's XLR output pins are wired so be prepared to unsolder and re-solder a connection or two at the XLR end of the cable.

{Note: The standard balanced XLR wiring (here at Yorkville and with most companies) is pin 1=ground, pin 2 = positive (+), pin 3 = negative (-) }

If both the mixer and the amp have ¼" connectors, it's best to use a balanced TRS-TRS patch cord modified as follows; (1) Remove one of the ends, (2) Replace it with a standard mono ¼" plug soldering the tip wire to the tip tab and the other two to the ground tab (the longer of the two). (3) Mark the mono-plug end with some tape so that in future you'll know this is the cable for this application and that the mono end goes into the unbalanced jack.

{Note: The standard balanced ¼" wiring (here at Yorkville and with most companies) goes tip = positive (+), ring = negative (-), sleeve = ground }

{Additional notes: (1) This form of "trick" balancing works very well with one small exception; if you switch off the mixer but leave the amp on, you may hear some hum through the speakers. If so, it is because the balancing in the mixer, which is generally an active circuit these days, has also been switched off (naturally), ergo there's no more hum cancelling. Just remember to switch off the amp too. Oh, and one other thing - if you hadn't already figured it out, these balancing tricks work for EVERYTHING; unbalanced mixer to balanced amp, balanced mixer to unbalanced EQ, or crossover, or compressor/limiter, effects units, etc., etc. }

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Q:I have an Audio Pro 16 channel mixer. I would like to run 2 bass bins on an external amp and a crossover. - No problem so far. My question is can I take a patch from the subs jacks just above the subs faders, go into a crossover then patch back into the mixer through the "amp in" jacks, thus using the amp in the mixer just for mids and highs.
A:No problem. The AMP IN jacks isolate the inputs from the mixer when you plug into them so the amps only see what's coming in on the jacks, ideal for using external crossovers. This is also the place for EQs, BBE type units, Aural exciters, full system compressors or limiters, any type of full system EQ or dynamics controllers can go it the 'sub out' to 'power amp in' loop.

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Q:Is it OK to plug electric guitar directly into the mixer?
A:You will need to put the guitar through an amp or guitar preamp. If you plug it directly into the PA head the sound will be wrong, the tone controls won't work right and you won't be able to get any sustain, distortion, etc.

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Q:Should we mic the guitar amps, and if so, what kind of mics would you recommend?
A:If you decide to mic the guitar amp, use something like an Apex770 or Shure SM57 and place it near the centre of one of the amp's speakers.

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Q:If we do mic the guitar amps, will the mixer put out the same exact sound that the amp is putting out, or will we need to adjust the equalization?
A:The sound is usually changed at least slightly when you put an amp through the PA. But when you Mic the amp it may not be necessary to change the EQ much.

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Q:Can we connect the output jack or the headphone jack of the guitar amp, to one of the inputs on the mixer? For example, should we use the equalizers on the amp head, or should we use the equalizers on the mixer?
A:For sending a direct line to the PA, use the guitar amp's "line out" jack. DO NOT use a "speaker" or "headphone" output as they can distort or damage a mixer's input circuitry. Plug the other end into one of the mixer-channel ¼" "Line" inputs. It's also a good idea to use a balanced shielded patch cord. The guitar amp tone controls should be set up to make the guitar sound right through the amp - worry about the PA sound later. If necessary, use the PA channel EQ, not the main EQ (no sense lousing up the vocals etc., to make the guitar sound better). You may need to turn down the PA channel treble a bit, but try to keep the controls as close to centre as possible.

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Q:On the PM16/PM22, customers who rent it have been complaining about the gain structure of the monitor mixes. Specifically, they feel like they have to turn the controls on the channels and the send master up to maximum or near it to get what they need. These people have rented our AP1216 quite a bit and are used to its operation. So is this a look and feel issue?
A:That's about right. Sounds like they need to set the channel Gain pot levels higher and the main masters lower. There is a difference in monitor and main bus gain levels because the PowerMax monitor amps are much smaller than its main power amps. If the bus gains were all the same, the monitor power amps would get clipped. Don't worry, there's lots of monitor gain available in PowerMax but the board just has to be set up a bit differently than an AP-1216.

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Q:My PA mixer/amp is rated at 600 watts per channel into 4 Ohms. Which would be the best speakers to use with it, 4 Ohms or 8 Ohms, and what power ratings?
A:That depends on whether or not you intend to power monitors off one of the channels and run the main system in mono off the other channel, or run a stereo main system and power the monitors with a separate amp. If you choose the first type of system, you'll need two 8-Ohm main speakers and either one 4-ohm monitor or two 8-ohm monitors. In the stereo system you could either use two 4-ohm main speakers or four 8-ohm main speakers. To figure out the power ratings, simply assume that speakers always share the power. So if there's one 4-ohm speaker per channel it should be 1/600=600 Watts per speaker. If there's two 8-ohm speakers (i.e. a 4-ohm load) per-channel it's 2/600=300 Watts per speaker

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